UK Clinical Summaries

• Influence of DOAC Use on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery In patients who underwent hip fracture surgery, the changes in pre- and post-operative haemoglobin levels, the incidence of blood transfusion, and rates of peri- and post-operative haemorrhage were comparable between patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and those receiving standard treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), regardless of surgery timing.
  Medscape UK, April 08, 2022
• Atopic Eczema Linked to Higher Risk of Incident Dementia Atopic eczema was associated with a small but increased risk of incident dementia in older adults.
  Medscape UK, April 07, 2022
• Influence of Hypertension and Antihypertensive Treatment on COVID-19 Mortality Risk Pre-existing hypertension and treatment for hypertension did not independently increase the risk of in-hospital mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19.
  Medscape UK, April 05, 2022
• Lyme Disease Tied to a Higher Risk of Fatigue The incidence rate of Lyme disease has increased over time in the UK.
  Medscape UK, April 04, 2022
• Morphine Use Tied to Worse Outcomes in Patients With Cardiogenic Pulmonary Oedema In patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, the use of morphine was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality and the need for inotropes/vasopressors and invasive and non-invasive ventilation, compared with no use.
  Medscape UK, April 01, 2022
• Does Mirtazapine Increase the Risk of Serious Self-harm in Patients with Depression? Patients with depression who were prescribed mirtazapine or venlafaxine as a second-line antidepressant had a higher rate of serious self-harm than those who were prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and amitriptyline.
  Medscape UK, March 31, 2022
• Cardiovascular Outcomes of Antidiabetic Treatments in Patients with T2DM and Ischaemic HF Metformin, sulphonylureas, and insulin had comparable beneficial effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and ischaemic heart failure (HF).
  Medscape UK, March 30, 2022
• Pre-existing Antithrombotic Use and Risk of COVID-19 Outcomes in AF Patients In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and a CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥2, pre-existing antithrombotic (AT) use was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19-related mortality but a higher risk of hospitalisation.
  Medscape UK, March 29, 2022
• Ideal Cardiovascular Health Tied to Longer Life Expectancy Regardless of Cardiometabolic Disease An ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) was associated with a lower risk of cardiometabolic disease (CMD)-associated premature mortality and longer life expectancy, irrespective of the presence of CMD.
  Medscape UK, March 28, 2022
• Multivitamin/Mineral Supplementation Tied to Modest Reduction in CVD Risk Habitual intake of multivitamin/mineral supplements was associated with very modest reductions in the risk of total cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, individual CVD mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD), and myocardial infarction (MI).
  Medscape UK, March 25, 2022
• Do Antenatal Mental Disorders Influence T2D Risk Following Gestational Diabetes? Women with an antenatal common mental disorder (CMD) had no greater risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) following gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than those without antenatal CMD.
  Medscape UK, March 24, 2022
• Worsening COPD Exacerbations Tied to Future Exacerbations and Mortality Risk In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), increasing frequency and severity of exacerbations were linked to a higher risk of future exacerbations and all-cause and COPD-related mortality.
  Medscape UK, March 23, 2022
• Risk of Neurocognitive Disorders in Patients with CKD and Diabetes Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and concurrent diabetes had a 2-fold increased risk of developing cognitive impairment ranging from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia.
  Medscape UK, March 22, 2022
• Antidepressant Prescribing Trends in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were significantly more likely to initiate antidepressant medication in the year following IBD diagnosis compared with the general population, but the duration of antidepressant treatment was shorter than that recommended by guidelines in the majority of patients.
  Medscape UK, March 21, 2022
• Effects of Vitamin D Monotherapy on Sarcopenia Indices in Older Adults In community-dwelling older adults aged ≥50 years, vitamin D supplementation monotherapy significantly reduced short physical performance battery (SPPB) score but had no effects on muscle mass, strength, and any other physical performance parameters.
  Medscape UK, March 18, 2022
• Diabetes Linked to a Higher Risk of Cause-specific Hospitalisation in HFrEF Patients In patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), diabetes mellitus (DM) was associated with a higher rate of hospitalisation for decompensated HF events, other cardiovascular (CV) events, and infections.
  Medscape UK, March 17, 2022
• PPI Use and the Risk of Pseudogout The incident use of both proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2 blockers, either alone or in combination, was associated with a higher risk of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPPD), commonly known as 'pseudogout' compared with no use.
  Medscape UK, March 16, 2022
• Postnatal Depression and Anxiety Tied to Mental Disorders in Offspring The offspring of mothers with postnatal depression had an increased risk of anxiety at 10 years of age, whereas the offspring of mothers with postnatal anxiety had an increased risk of psychotic experiences at 12 or 13 years of age.
  Medscape UK, March 15, 2022
• Oral Anticoagulants May Attenuate Adverse Outcomes of Frailty in AF Patients In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), frailty was associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
  Medscape UK, March 14, 2022
• Influence of Elevated HbA1c on Postoperative Complications in Non-diabetic Individuals A higher concentration of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (≥42 mmoL.moL-1) was associated with a higher risk of developing postoperative complications in people without diabetes, but the association was likely to be confounded by end-organ comorbidity.
  Medscape UK, March 11, 2022